Can intercropping be an adaptation to drought? A model‐based analysis for pearl millet–cowpea

Cereal–legume intercropping is promoted within semi-arid regions as an adaptation strategy to water scarcity and drought for low-input systems. Our objectives were firstly evaluate the crop model APSIM pearl millet (Pennisetum glaucum (L.))—cowpea (Vigna unguiculata (L.) Walp) intercropping—and secondly investigate hypothesis that provides complimentary yield under conditions. The was evaluated against data from a two year on station field experiment during dry season of environment in Patancheru, India, with severe, partial no deficit stress (well-watered); densities 17 33 plants per m−2, intercrop sole production cowpea. Overall, captured dynamics grain yields, indicated by Willmott Index Agreement (IA: 1 optimal, 0 worst) 0.91 36 points (n), total biomass 0.90, n = 144), leaf area index (LAI, IA 0.77, 66), plant height (IA 0.96, 104 millet) cowpea 0.81, 102), well soil 0.73, 126). Model accuracy reasonable absolute terms (RMSE 469 kg/ha 322 kg/ha). However, due low observed values (observed mean 1,280 555 kg/ha), relative error high, known aspect simulation low-yielding environments. compared effect versus cropping different supplies. A key finding resulted similar yields millet. Both systems responded strongly increasing supply, except cropped cowpea, which performed relatively better supply. High density had consistent effect, leading lower Higher achieved high density, but only when supply high: highest 4,000 (high density) 3,500 (low density). This confirms suitability common practice among farmers who use planting scarce this study silver bullet, i.e. not se way achieve or reduce risk drought. It does, however, provide opportunity diversify food additionally integrating protein rich crops, such